Pulmonary Vascular Tangle: Unusual Cause of Hemoptysis

Pulmonary vascular malformation is an unusual cause of hemoptysis. These abnormal vascular communications between pulmonary circulations or between pulmonary and systemic circulations can result in significant dyspnea, hemoptysis and hypoxemia. Pulmonary vascular malformations can take various forms. Here we present a case of an abnormal collection of thrombosed arteries and veins, without the classic features of pulmonary arterio-venous malformation and presented as a focal opacity on imaging, that can be easily confused as air space process or lung consolidation. Identification and treatment of these abnormal vascular communications is vital as they might result in life threatening hemoptysis.